In the drawing die the wire becomes thinner step by step. It is the central wear part of every wire drawing machine and determines the diameter and surface of the wire.
Structure and materials
A drawing die has an entry, the reduction cone in which the wire is formed, a cylindrical bearing zone that sets the final diameter, and an exit. Angles and lengths of these zones depend on the material and the reduction in area.
For steel wire and larger sizes, carbide dies are common; for copper and aluminium wire in fine sizes, natural or polycrystalline diamond dies. Wear shows as ring formation in the reduction cone, a growing diameter and a poorer wire surface. Worn dies can often be reworked to the next larger diameter.
What a request for drawing dies should contain
- final diameter and tolerance
- wire material and nib material of the die
- casing dimensions, that is outer diameter and height
- reduction angle, if specified
- quantity per diameter, ideally as a set for the drawing sequence
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